Certain human rights are impacted by the degree and extent of environmental cleanliness. Since many countries today have poisonous and contaminated environments, the most fundamental right, the right to life will be violated. Rights such as physical and mental safety, the freedoms to work and rest, food, water, growth and many more are also in jeopardy. In the event that the state, governance, and administrative systems represent the political and social requirements for human rights, then, even in spite of their affirmation, a clean and healthy environment may represent the material and inherent requirements for human rights. It is impossible to adequately safeguard human rights without both of these elements working together. Human rights cannot be completely secured in the absence of both of these aspects.
The laws alter in accordance with the demands and changes of the times. Given the recent age of environmental challenges and awareness, which have only recently gained international and public attention since the 1970s, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and subsequent treaties do not explicitly or directly address the right to a clean and healthy environment. Because of this, the UN General Assembly and UN Human Rights Council declared a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment to be a human right in July 2022 and October 2021, respectively. In light of the social and political developments of the previous fifty years, it might be claimed that this is one of the newest human rights, or that it is the most recent invention of human rights. However, prior to the establishment of these two organizations, most countries' constitutions and laws acknowledged the existence and significance of this right.
A healthy atmosphere, clean air, biodiversity and ecosystems, clean water and sanitation, healthy food, and a non-toxic environment are all components of this right. The governments of Iraq and the Kurdistan Region should thus give safeguarding this right their utmost priority. Therefore, it's critical to maintain clean lakes and rivers, boost urban greenery, safeguard marine and terrestrial wildlife resources, and ban poaching. Tighten regulations to construct contemporary towns and cities in accordance with environmental standards. Since the environment is public property, it cannot serve as a source of advantage and profit for a minority at the expense of the majority.